City of London council area. Every figure carries its own date.
City of London
How the population is changing, who lives here and what living standards look like.
City of London local authority area. These are council-area figures. They are not a separate history for every ward or the city centre.
More people? A different age mix?
The population grew from 5,361 in 1991 to 15,631 in 2025.
A growing number of children, working-age adults or older residents can mean different needs for homes, schools, jobs and care.
Population
1996 to 2025
City of London council area · people
Reviewed figures: 1991 to 2025. The chart opens on the latest 30 years; choose All history for the full reviewed record.
Shown on this chart: 5,551 people in 1996; 15,631 people in 2025. 181.6% higher between these observations.
4.3k10.4k16.4k
19962025
The line joins consecutive published observations.
Hover or tap the chart for a value. Use the date slider with touch or arrow keys. Escape closes the chart label.
Data table and workings
Published annual mid-year population estimates, both sexes. Exact requested ONS area code; source geography vintage retained. Latest revised source series is used throughout; no years are interpolated and no ward values are inferred.
Mid-year estimates, not census counts. Historical revisions and boundaries follow this one published series.
This is the whole stated area, not a ward or necessarily the named city settlement.
The table retains the full reviewed history when the chart is shortened. Preset ranges end at this measure’s latest published period. Yearly windows count published annual periods; monthly windows count months. Gaps are never filled with estimates.
Population — City of London council area: full reviewed history
Reviewed figures: 1991 to 2025. The chart opens on the latest 30 years; choose All history for the full reviewed record.
Shown on this chart: 553 people in 1996; 561 people in 2025. 1.4% higher between these observations.
522.5674.9827.3
19962025
The line joins consecutive published observations.
Hover or tap the chart for a value. Use the date slider with touch or arrow keys. Escape closes the chart label.
Data table and workings
Published annual mid-year population estimates, both sexes. Exact requested ONS area code; source geography vintage retained. Latest revised source series is used throughout; no years are interpolated and no ward values are inferred.
Mid-year estimates, not census counts. Historical revisions and boundaries follow this one published series.
This is the whole stated area, not a ward or necessarily the named city settlement.
The table retains the full reviewed history when the chart is shortened. Preset ranges end at this measure’s latest published period. Yearly windows count published annual periods; monthly windows count months. Gaps are never filled with estimates.
People aged 0 to 15 — City of London council area: full reviewed history
Reviewed figures: 1991 to 2025. The chart opens on the latest 30 years; choose All history for the full reviewed record.
Shown on this chart: 4,050 people in 1996; 13,629 people in 2025. 236.5% higher between these observations.
2.9k8.6k14.4k
19962025
The line joins consecutive published observations.
Hover or tap the chart for a value. Use the date slider with touch or arrow keys. Escape closes the chart label.
Data table and workings
Published annual mid-year population estimates, both sexes. Exact requested ONS area code; source geography vintage retained. Latest revised source series is used throughout; no years are interpolated and no ward values are inferred.
Mid-year estimates, not census counts. Historical revisions and boundaries follow this one published series.
This is the whole stated area, not a ward or necessarily the named city settlement.
The table retains the full reviewed history when the chart is shortened. Preset ranges end at this measure’s latest published period. Yearly windows count published annual periods; monthly windows count months. Gaps are never filled with estimates.
People aged 16 to 64 — City of London council area: full reviewed history
Reviewed figures: 1991 to 2025. The chart opens on the latest 30 years; choose All history for the full reviewed record.
Shown on this chart: 948 people in 1996; 1,441 people in 2025. 52% higher between these observations.
883.21.2k1.5k
19962025
The line joins consecutive published observations.
Hover or tap the chart for a value. Use the date slider with touch or arrow keys. Escape closes the chart label.
Data table and workings
Published annual mid-year population estimates, both sexes. Exact requested ONS area code; source geography vintage retained. Latest revised source series is used throughout; no years are interpolated and no ward values are inferred.
Mid-year estimates, not census counts. Historical revisions and boundaries follow this one published series.
This is the whole stated area, not a ward or necessarily the named city settlement.
The table retains the full reviewed history when the chart is shortened. Preset ranges end at this measure’s latest published period. Yearly windows count published annual periods; monthly windows count months. Gaps are never filled with estimates.
People aged 65 or over — City of London council area: full reviewed history
Population growth alone does not show whether services are under pressure. Capacity, location and residents’ needs also matter.
How residents described their ethnic group
These are census snapshots, not annual estimates. Open a year to see both the number of people and their share of the population.
2021 census · 8,584 residentsHow this census compares with other years
Census snapshots use the categories and boundaries published for each year. They are not annual estimates. In England and Wales, Chinese moved from Chinese/Other in 2001 to Asian in 2011; mixed categories and later write-in categories also changed. No change is calculated across these categories.
Ethnic group · City of London · 2021
Residents’ census answer
People
Share
Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh
1,445
16.8%
Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African
232
2.7%
Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups
470
5.5%
White
5,955
69.4%
Other ethnic group
482
5.6%
Census wording and the available categories can change. The tables retain the categories published for each year; they are not automatically like-for-like trends.
Source and method →2011 census · 7,375 residentsHow this census compares with other years
Census snapshots use the categories and boundaries published for each year. They are not annual estimates. In England and Wales, Chinese moved from Chinese/Other in 2001 to Asian in 2011; mixed categories and later write-in categories also changed. No change is calculated across these categories.
Ethnic group · City of London · 2011
Residents’ census answer
People
Share
White
5,799
78.6%
Mixed/multiple ethnic groups
289
3.9%
Asian/Asian British
940
12.7%
Black/African/Caribbean/Black British
193
2.6%
Other ethnic group
154
2.1%
Census wording and the available categories can change. The tables retain the categories published for each year; they are not automatically like-for-like trends.
Source and method →2001 census · 7,185 residentsHow this census compares with other years
Census snapshots use the categories and boundaries published for each year. They are not annual estimates. In England and Wales, Chinese moved from Chinese/Other in 2001 to Asian in 2011; mixed categories and later write-in categories also changed. No change is calculated across these categories.
Ethnic group · City of London · 2001
Residents’ census answer
People
Share
White
6,075
84.6%
Mixed
163
2.3%
Asian/Asian British
491
6.8%
Black/Black British
184
2.6%
Chinese/Other
272
3.8%
Census wording and the available categories can change. The tables retain the categories published for each year; they are not automatically like-for-like trends.
A complete, comparable 30-year ethnicity history is not available for every current area. Missing years have not been estimated.
How comfortable is life here?
Pay, housing costs, health and opportunities tell different parts of the story. An area average can hide large differences between households.
In 2024, average disposable income per person was 320.4% above the UK average.
Money available to spend or save per person
1997 to 2024
City of London council area · Cash prices, before allowing for inflation
Reviewed figures: 1997 to 2024. This reviewed record covers fewer than 30 years, so the chart opens on all of it.
Shown on this chart: £88,229 per person in 1997; £109,153 per person in 2024. 23.7% higher between these observations.
£73.5k£147.3k£221.1k
19972024
The line joins consecutive published observations.
Hover or tap the chart for a value. Use the date slider with touch or arrow keys. Escape closes the chart label.
Data table and workings
Published ONS table values from one 1997–2024 release, matched by exact source geography code. Table3 per-person values are retained, not recalculated from rounded totals. Source country/region references are the official published totals, not averages of selected councils.
Amounts are in cash prices for each year and include inflation. A rise does not by itself show an increase in purchasing power.
This is an average per resident, including children and retired people, not the income of a typical household, wages or wealth.
These are official statistics in development, combining administrative and survey inputs. The Annual Population Survey contributes to some components; it is not the sole source.
The 2024 estimates are provisional. Earlier years have been revised within this single release; no release editions are spliced.
The UK index compares each year with the UK average in that same year. It is not an inflation-adjusted income index.
Geography as published in the ONS 19 August 2026 release; exact source code retained. The workbook does not specify a separate local-boundary effective date.
The table retains the full reviewed history when the chart is shortened. Preset ranges end at this measure’s latest published period. Yearly windows count published annual periods; monthly windows count months. Gaps are never filled with estimates.
Money available to spend or save per person — City of London council area: full reviewed history
Above zero means income is above the UK average; below zero means it is below. Each year is compared with the UK average for that same year.
Income above or below the UK average
1997 to 2024
City of London council area · %
Reviewed figures: 1997 to 2024. This reviewed record covers fewer than 30 years, so the chart opens on all of it.
Shown on this chart: 731.6% in 1997; 320.4% in 2024. 411.2 percentage points lower.
246.6%615.4%984.2%
19972024
The line joins consecutive published observations.
Hover or tap the chart for a value. Use the date slider with touch or arrow keys. Escape closes the chart label.
Data table and workings
Published ONS table values from one 1997–2024 release, matched by exact source geography code. Table3 per-person values are retained, not recalculated from rounded totals. Source country/region references are the official published totals, not averages of selected councils. Displayed as the published UK=100 value minus 100, giving the percentage above or below the UK average.
Amounts are in cash prices for each year and include inflation. A rise does not by itself show an increase in purchasing power.
This is an average per resident, including children and retired people, not the income of a typical household, wages or wealth.
These are official statistics in development, combining administrative and survey inputs. The Annual Population Survey contributes to some components; it is not the sole source.
The 2024 estimates are provisional. Earlier years have been revised within this single release; no release editions are spliced.
The UK index compares each year with the UK average in that same year. It is not an inflation-adjusted income index.
Geography as published in the ONS 19 August 2026 release; exact source code retained. The workbook does not specify a separate local-boundary effective date.
The table retains the full reviewed history when the chart is shortened. Preset ranges end at this measure’s latest published period. Yearly windows count published annual periods; monthly windows count months. Gaps are never filled with estimates.
Income above or below the UK average — City of London council area: full reviewed history
Mixed-source official estimates: administrative records and surveys. Income here is the average money per resident available to spend or save after tax and benefits. It is not typical pay or household wealth. Cash figures do not show how much prices changed.
Households facing several disadvantages
8.8%
21 March 2021 · City of London local authority area
Show the workings
All households
Published Census 2021 count; percentage uses the matching population denominator
Published UK House Price Index average price, all property types and all buyers, not seasonally adjusted. Entire series comes from the 2026-07 official full-file release, preserving its historical revisions and exact area codes. It is a mix-adjusted average, not the median price paid.
Deprivation describes several kinds of disadvantage. It is not a measure of household wealth. A change in an area's ranking does not by itself show whether living conditions improved.
Use the age profile alongside school places and care capacity, and look at housing costs alongside pay. Then check whether local plans respond to the needs shown by the evidence.
